首先创建一个用于存储地理位置信息的表：

CREATE TABLE location (
    id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    longitude FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT '经度',
    latitude FLOAT NOT NULL COMMENT '纬度',
    place_name VARCHAR(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地点名称',
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

插入一些测试数据：

INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.302416, 33.958887, "实验小学");
INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.303997, 33.95188, "宿迁市人民医院");
INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.302991, 33.935828, "宿迁学院");
INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.28215, 33.959307, "金陵名府");
INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.290081, 33.925404, "润园");
INSERT INTO `location`(`longitude`, `latitude`, `place_name`) VALUES (118.354751, 33.959007, "国际馆");

以下是基于公里计算距离的SQL查询语句：

SELECT 
    id, 
    place_name,
    (
        6371 * ACOS(
            COS(RADIANS(33.958887)) 
            * COS(RADIANS(latitude)) 
            * COS(RADIANS(longitude) - RADIANS(118.302416)) 
            + SIN(RADIANS(33.958887)) 
            * SIN(RADIANS(latitude))
        )
    ) AS distance
FROM location
HAVING distance < 20
ORDER BY distance ASC
LIMIT 0, 20;

其中，33.958887 是纬度，118.302416 是经度。

下面是完整的PHP实现代码，用于分页获取附近的商家信息：

public function getNearbyBusiness() {
    // 验证经纬度是否合法
    if (!$this->validator->check('longitude', ['required', 'regex' => '-?((0|1?[0-7]?[0-9]?)(([.][0-9]{1,4})?)|180(([.][0]{1,4})?))'])) {
        $this->response->setError(10001, '缺少或经纬度格式不正确');
        $this->response->send();
    }

    if (!$this->validator->check('latitude', ['required', 'regex' => '-?((0|[1-8]?[0-9]?)(([.][0-9]{1,4})?)|90(([.][0]{1,4})?))'])) {
        $this->response->setError(10001, '缺少或经纬度格式不正确');
        $this->response->send();
    }

    // 设置默认分页参数
    $page = isset($_POST['page']) && $_POST['page'] >= 1 ? $_POST['page'] : 1;

    // 查询符合条件的商家总数
    $queryCount = "
        SELECT COUNT(*) AS total FROM business_data
        WHERE status = 1 AND (
            6371 * ACOS(
                COS(RADIANS(" . $_POST['latitude'] . ")) 
                * COS(RADIANS(latitude)) 
                * COS(RADIANS(longitude) - RADIANS(" . $_POST['longitude'] . ")) 
                + SIN(RADIANS(" . $_POST['latitude'] . ")) 
                * SIN(RADIANS(latitude))
            )
        ) < 10
    ";
    $totalRecords = M()->query($queryCount)[0]['total'];
    $totalPages = ceil($totalRecords / C('PAGE_LIMIT'));
    $totalPages = $totalPages ? $totalPages : 1;

    if ($page > $totalPages) {
        $this->response->setError(10002, '页数超出范围');
        $this->response->send();
    }

    // 计算分页偏移量
    $offset = ($page - 1) * C('PAGE_LIMIT');

    // 查询具体商家列表
    $queryList = "
        SELECT id, name, info, (
            6371 * ACOS(
                COS(RADIANS(" . $_POST['latitude'] . ")) 
                * COS(RADIANS(latitude)) 
                * COS(RADIANS(longitude) - RADIANS(" . $_POST['longitude'] . ")) 
                + SIN(RADIANS(" . $_POST['latitude'] . ")) 
                * SIN(RADIANS(latitude))
            )
        ) AS distance FROM business_data
        WHERE status = 1 AND distance < 10
        ORDER BY distance ASC
        LIMIT $offset, " . C('PAGE_LIMIT') . "
    ";
    $businessList = M()->query($queryList);

    if ($businessList) {
        // 处理商家主图
        $businessImageModel = M('business_image');
        foreach ($businessList as &$item) {
            $mainImage = $businessImageModel->where([
                'business_id' => $item['id'],
                'type' => 1,
                'is_main' => 1
            ])->find();

            $item['image'] = $mainImage['image'];
            if (strpos($item['image'], 'cdn') === false) {
                $item['image'] = C('CDN_URL') . $item['image'];
            }
        }

        $result = [
            'list' => $businessList,
            'current_page' => $page,
            'total_pages' => $totalPages
        ];

        $this->response->setError(0, '查询成功');
        $this->response->setData($result);
        $this->response->send();
    } else {
        $this->response->setError(10003, '暂无数据');
        $this->response->send();
    }
}

返回的JSON结果示例：

{
    "errno": 0,
    "errdesc": "查询成功",
    "timestamp": 1524749336,
    "data": {
        "list": [
            {
                "id": "3",
                "name": "京东",
                "info": "京东",
                "distance": "4.665364145881758",
                "image": "https://cdn.caomall.net/1524732806744365022.png"
            }
        ],
        "current_page": "1",
        "total_pages": 1
    }
}